Agriculture MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Agriculture - Download Free PDF

• NABARD stands for the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development.
• Their mission is to advance prosperous agriculture and rural development through innovative financial and non-financial interventions, technological advancements, and institutional development.

Key Points

• The Indian government established (NABARD) to serve as the nation's apex development bank. with effect from May 27, 2020.
• Dr G.R. Chintala will serve as chairman of NABARD, the national bank for agriculture and rural development.
• It is the responsibility of NABARD to provide and oversee credit and other facilities for the development of rural areas' linked economic activities, such as agriculture, small-scale enterprises, cottage and village industries, handicrafts, and other rural crafts.

Hence, the correct answer is that NABARD is related to the National Bank for  Agriculture and Rural Development.

The correct answer is Both (1) and (2).

Key Points

• Agriculture Minister Narendra Singh Tomar launched the eleventh agricultural census to collect data on various parameters, including operational holdings.
• For the first time, the data will be collected through smartphones and tablets.
• The fieldwork of the Eleventh Agricultural Census (2021-22) will start in August 2022.

Additional Information

• Agriculture Census is conducted every 5 years, which is being undertaken now after a delay due to the corona pandemic.
• The ministry is implementing an agriculture census scheme from 1970-71.
• The tenth edition of the census was conducted with the reference year 2015-16.
• The agricultural census is the main source of information on a variety of parameters.
• On the occasion, the minister released the 'Handbook on Operational Guidelines for Census' for the use of states/UTs, and launched the 'Data Collection Portal/App'.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

White revolution:

• The White Revolution in India was the brainchild of Dr Verghese Kurein.
• Under him, many important institutions were established like the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd and the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).
• The White Revolution was started by the NDDB in the 1970s and the bedrock of the revolution has been the village milk producers' cooperatives.
• It helped dairy farmers direct their own development, placing control of the resources they create in their own hands.
• It has helped India become the largest producer of milk in the world in 2016-17. Hence, option 1 is not correct.

Second green revolution:

• The new agriculture policy of India aims at sustainable agriculture, which is popularly called the ‘second green revolution’ or ‘Evergreen Revolution’. Hence, option 2 is not correct.
• Almost every current policy can be covered under the category of the second green revolution. It aims at the information technology revolution, biotechnology revolution, R&D and targeting of specific crops etc.
• Information Technology will create awareness in farmers, introduce them to more cost-efficient technologies and enable them to choose among different alternatives.

Blue revolution:

• It refers to the time of intense growth of the worldwide aquaculture industry from the mid-1960s to the present day.
• In other words, the rapid increase in the production of fish and marine products through a package program is known as the Blue Revolution. Hence, option 3 is correct.
• The Blue Revolution first began in China where fishing is an ancient activity. China accounts for around two-thirds of the total aquaculture production worldwide by weight and roughly half by market value.

Yellow revolution:

• The Yellow Revolution was launched to increase the production of Edible oilseeds in the country to meet the domestic demand. Hence, option 4 is not correct.
• It is one of the agricultural revolutions that is important for the general awareness section of various competitive exams.
• The revolution launched in 1986- 1987 to increase the production of edible oil, especially mustard and sesame seeds to achieve self-reliance is known as the Yellow Revolution.
• Sam Pitroda is Known as the father of the Yellow Revolution in India.
• Yellow Revolution targets nine oilseeds that are groundnut, mustard, soybean, safflower, sesame, sunflower, niger, linseed, and castor. 

The correct answer is Kalburgi.

Key Points

• Kalburgi accounts largest production of Pigeon Pea/ Tur Dal/ Arhar/ Read gram in Karnataka.
• Kalburgi is often called as Granary of Pigeon Pea, Red gram bowl and land of tur dal.
• Kalburgi produces roughly one tength of Indias total production.
• It is tolerant to dry condition due to its deep root system.
• Loamy to sandy loam soil is best suited for its cultivation.
• Rain- 600 to 650 mm annual rain fall and temparature- 30 to 35⁰ C.
• Kalburgi Tur dal has got GI tag in the year 2019.

Additional Information

• Geographical indications are signs used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities, a reputation or characteristics that are essentially attributable to that place of origin.
• As of now Karnataka has around 46 GI tags making it one of the states with highest registrations.

The correct answer is Rs. 5500Key Points

• MSP of Lentil for Rabi Marketing season 2022-23, as set up by the Government of India is  Rs. 5500
• The lentil or daal or pulse (Lens culinaris) is a bushy annual plant of the legume family.
• It is a kind of vegetable, grown for its lens-shaped seeds.

Important Points

• The MSP is the rate at which the government purchases crops from farmers, and is based on a calculation of at least one-and-a-half times the cost of production incurred by the farmers.
• MSP is a “minimum price” for any crop that the government considers as remunerative for farmers and hence deserving of “support”.
• The Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices (CACP) recommends MSPs for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative price (FRP) for sugarcane.
• CACP comes under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
• crops include 14 crops of the Kharif season, 6 rabi crops and 2 other commercial crops.

Crops covered under MSP:

• Cereals: Paddy, wheat, Jowar, Barley, Bajra, Ragi, Maize
• Pulses: Arhar/tur, Gram, Moong, Lentil, Urad
• Oilseeds: Groundnut, rapeseed/mustard, Soybean, Toria, Sesamum, Sunflower seed, Safflower seed, Nigerseed
• Raw cotton, Raw jute, Raw jute, De-husked coconut, De-husked coconut, Virginia flu cured (VFC) Tobacco

The highest absolute increase in MSP over the previous year has been recommended for

• Sesamum (Rs 523/quintal),
• Moong (Rs 480/quintal), and
• Sunflower seed (Rs 385/quintal).

The correct answer is Horticulture and Honey.

Key Points

• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution: Nirpakh Tutaj.
• The Golden Fibre Revolution is related to Jute Production.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Intensive subsistence farming.

 Key Points

• In intensive subsistence farming, the farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour.
• Intensive subsistence agriculture is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of the south, southeast, and east Asia.

 Important Points

Commercial Farming

• In commercial farming, crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in the market.
• The area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large. Most of the work is done by machines.
• Commercial farming includes commercial grain farming, mixed farming, and plantation agriculture.

Primitive subsistence farming

• Primitive subsistence agriculture includes shifting cultivation and nomadic herding.

Extensive subsistence agriculture

• Extensive subsistence agriculture is farming in thinly populated areas.
• The vast expanse of land is cultivated to yield minimal output of crops and animals for the primary consumption of the grower's family.

The correct answer is Horticulture Farming.

• An estate where a cash crop is grown for sale is known as Horticulture Farming.

Key Points

• Horticulture farming is cultivating plants in an estate to produce food and medicinal ingredients as a cash crop.
• The horticulture includes a wide range of cash crops namely fruits, vegetables, flowers medicinal and aromatic plants mushrooms, plantation crops and spices.

Additional Information

• A kitchen garden is a small farming garden growing fruits and vegetables in the backyard of the house by using kitchen wastewater. 
• Slash and burn farming is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland.
• Subsistence farming is the practice of growing crops and raising livestock adequate only for one's own use, without any excess for trade.

​The correct answer is Truck farming.

Key Points

• The farmers specialize in vegetables only, this type of farming is known as Truck farming.
• In the regions where farmers specialize in vegetables only, the farming is known as Truck farming, and the distance of truck farms from the market is governed by the distance that a truck can cover overnight, hence the name truck farming.
• Vegetable farms are in some regions known as truck farms: "truck" is a noun for which its more common meaning overshadows its historically separate use as a term for "vegetables are grown for the market".
• The production of crops of some vegetables on an extensive scale in regions especially suited to their culture primarily for shipment to distant markets known as Truck farming.
• The major truck-farming areas are in California, Texas, Florida, along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and in the Great Lakes area.
• Centres for specific crops vary with the season. Among the most important truck crops are tomatoes, lettuce, melons, beets, broccoli, celery, radishes, onions, cabbage, and strawberries.

Additional Information

Option 4 is correct, i.e. Assam.

• Muga silk is the product of the silkworm Antheraea assamensis and is mostly grown in Assam. The larvae of these moths feed on som and sualu leaves. Assam is the largest producer of this golden-colored silk in not just India but the entire world.
• Assam is famous for its Muga variety of silk. It is registered as a Geographical Indication for Assam.
• Know about Assam:
  • Capital: Dispur
  • Languages: Assamese, Bodo, Bengali
  • Major Rivers: Subansiri, Dihang, Brahmaputra.
  • Geographical Indications: Muga Silk, Tezpur Litchi, Boka Chaul (Oryza sativa), Gamosa, Chokuwa.
  • World Heritage Sites: Kaziranga National Park on the bank of the Brahmaputra, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary near the border with Bhutan.

The correct answer is Andhra Pradesh.

Key Points

• Chilli is considered one of the most important commercial spice crops in the world.
  • Chilli is also called "wonder spice".
  • Chilli is believed to have originated in tropical America.
• Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer of Chilli in India.
• Andhra Pradesh contributes nearly 57% of the total Chillie production in India. 
• The major chilly growing districts in Andhra Pradesh are:
  • Warangal.
  • Krishna.
  • Khammam.
  • Prakasham.
• The most important Chilli growing states in India are Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
• Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu together constitute nearly 75% of the total Chillie producing area in the country.

The correct answer is Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.

Important Points 

• Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices recommends the minimum support prices (MSP) and issue prices for paddy and wheat
  • It was formed in January 1965.
  • It is a joint office of the ministry of agriculture & farmers welfare.
  • It raises productivity and overall grain production in line with the emerging demand patterns in the country.
  • It recommends MSPs of 23 commodities, namely;
    • 7 oilseeds including groundnut, rapeseed-mustard, soyabean, sesamum, sunflower, safflower, and nigerseed.
    • 7 cereals including paddy, wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, barley, and ragi.
    • 5 pulses including gram, tur, moong, urad, and lentil.
    • 4 commercial crops including copra, sugarcane, cotton, and raw jute.
• Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices is responsible for submitting its recommendations to the government in the form of price policy reports every year.

Additional Information

• NABARD stands for National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development 
  • NABARD is an apex bank for agriculture development in India.
  • It was set up in 1982 during the sixth five-year plan.
  • It was established on the recommendation of the Shivaraman committee.
• NITI Aayog stands for National Institution for Transforming India.
  • It was formed on 1^st​ January 2015 by replacing the planning commission of India.
  • The chairman of the NITI Aayog is the Prime minister of India.

The correct answer is Mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.

 Additional Information

• "Operation Flood" is a mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.
• Operation Flood was launched in 1970 by National Dairy Development Board during the time of the Fourth Five Year Plan.
• Operation flood was the world's biggest dairy development program which gave a major thrust to the milk production of the nation.
• It aimed at helping the dairy industry sustain itself economically while providing employment to poor farmers.
• The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products.
• White Revolution contributed to a large extent to alleviate poverty in India.
• Gujarat-based co-operation “Anand Milk Union Limited” (Amul) was the engine behind the success of the programme.
• Operation Flood is called the White Revolution in India.
• The programme to increase the production of milk is called White Revolution.
• Indian Dairy Association decided to observe the birthday of Verghese Kurien as National Milk Day.
• 'Unfinished Dream' is a book written by Verghese Kurien.

Important Points

• Father of White Revolution in India - Verghese Kurien.
• Milkman of India - Verghese Kurien.
• National Milk Day - November 26.
• National Dairy Development Board - Anand (Gujarat).
• National Dairy Research Institute - Karnal (Haryana).
• The largest producer of Milk and Milk Products in the World - India.

The correct answer is Grey.

• Grey colour is associated with the revolution in fertilisers.

Key Points

Agriculture Revolutions in India and their respective Colours:

The Correct Answer is ​Shifting agriculture.

• Every region follows different agricultural practices.
• Depending on the type of crop and scale of farming various agricultural practices are adopted.

Key Points

Primitive Farming:

• This type of farming is still practised in few pockets of India.
• Primitive agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family/community labour.
• This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.

About slash and burn/ Shifting agriculture:

• It is a type of primitive farming in which the farmer cultivates on a plot of land temporarily.
•  When he finds the land infertile to grow due to soil exhaustion, they move on to another plot.
• It is largely practised in the north-eastern region of India, including Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, etc.
• This way of farming is also known as "Jhum Kheti".
• It is a shifting cultivation practice.
• It is also known as fire-fallow cultivation.
• Forest land is cleaned and ashes are added to the soil.
• Cultivated spots/ areas are usually small.
• Short periods of crop occupation alternate with long fallow periods.
• Field rotation is practised instead of crop rotation.

Important Points

Shifting cultivation in India:​​

Shifting cultivation in the world:

• Milpa in Central America.
• Chitemene or Tavy in Africa.
• Chena in Sri Lanka.
• Conuco in Venzuela.
• Roca in Brazil.
• Masole in Central Africa.
• Ladang in Indonesia.
• Ray in Vietnam.

Thus, Bewar, Podu and Bringa are types of primitive farming.

Additional Information

Commercial farming:

• In commercial farming, crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in the market.
• The area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large.
• Most of the work is done by machines.
• Commercial farming includes commercial grain farming, mixed farming and plantation agriculture.

Subsistence farming:

• Subsistence farming, a form of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and the farmer’s family, leaving little, if any, surplus for sale or trade.
• Its characteristics are no surplus, distress sale, less or no use of fertilizers etc.

Plantation farming:

• Plantations are a type of commercial farming where a single crop of tea, coffee, sugarcane, cashew, rubber, banana or cotton are grown.
• A large amount of labour and capital are required.
• The produce may be processed on the farm itself or in nearby factories.
• The development of a transport network is thus essential for such farming.

The correct answer is Development Bank.

Key Points

• The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development ( NABARD) is an apex development finance agency solely operated by the Government of India.
• The Bank has been charged with "policy, planning and lending activities related to agriculture and other economic activities in rural areas in India".
• NABARD is active in the adoption of a framework on financial inclusion.
• On 12 July 1982, NABARD was formed on the recommendation of the B.Sivaramman Committee to enact the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981.
• It replaced the Rural Planning and Credit Cell (RPCC) and Department of Agricultural Credit (ACD) of the Reserve Bank of India and the Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation (ARDC).
• It is one of the leading construction credit organisations in rural areas.
• NABARD is India's specialized bank for agriculture and rural development in India.

Additional Information

• Formation:  12^th July 1982
• Headquarters: Mumbai, India
• Chairman: Dr. G.R. Chintala

The correct answer is option 4 i.e., A local name of 'slash and burn' agriculture

• Slash and burn agriculture is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a woodland or forest to create a field called a swidden.
• It is also known as fire-fallow cultivation.
• The steps for slash and burn agriculture are :
  • Prepare the field by cutting down vegetation, plants that provide food or timber that may be left standing.
  • The downed vegetation is allowed to dry until just before the rainiest part of the year to ensure an effective burn.
  • The plot of land is burned to remove vegetation, drive away pests, and provide a burst of nutrients for planting.
  • Planting is done directly in the ashes left after the burn.

The Correct Answer is Option 4 i.e Fertilizers.

Important Points 

• Grey Revolution
  • Grey Revolution is associated with increased fertilizer production, which basically means it is related to the main effects of India's green revolution.
  • But only zeroing down to fertilizer won't be an appropriate thing.
  • Because the grey revolution includes everything that would take place due to the excessive green revolution.
  • It is actually a glimpse of what can happen if the new agricultural equipment turns things wrong.

• White Revolution
  • White Revolution in India also known as Operation Flood.
  • Operation Flood started in the year 1970 and was aimed to create a nationwide milk grid.
  • It was a rural development program initiated by NDDB – National Dairy Development Board of India.
  • White revolution period intended to make India a self-dependent nation in milk production.
  • Today, India is the world's largest producer of milk.
  • Dr. Verghese Kurien is known as the father of the White Revolution in India.
• Blue Revolution
  • The Blue Revolution in India was launched during the 7th Five Year Plan(1985-1990) during the sponsorship of the Fish Farmers Development Agency(FFDA) by the Central Government of India.
  • The main objective is to develop, manage, and promote fisheries to double the farmers’ income.
  • Dr. Arun Krishnsan and Dr. Hiralal Chaudhari, are known as the fathers of the Blue Revolution.
• Green Revolution
  • Green Revolution is associated with agricultural production.
  • It is the period when agriculture of the country was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and techniques like the use of high-yielding variety seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers.
  • The term green revolution was first used by William Gaud and Norman Borlaug is the Father of the Green Revolution.
  • In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution with help of M.S. Swaminathan, now known as the father of the Green revolution( India).

The correct answer is Drip irrigation

Key Points

• Water wheel: It is a machine used for converting the energy of flowing water into some useful form of power.
• Tubewell: Irrigation through tubewell is mainly based on an underground aquifer which results in water scarcity if used for a long time.
• Drip irrigation: It is a type of micro-irrigation system used for saving water and nutrients by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of the plants. 
• Sprinklers: It is a device used to irrigate crops by applying water in a controlled manner similar to rainfall.

The correct answer is the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs.

Key Points

• Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) announces Minimum Support Price. 
• MSP is announced on the basis of recommendations given by the Commission on Agricultural Costs and Price (CACP). 
• In formulating the recommendations for MSP, CACP considers a number of things like the cost of production, input-output price parity, demand, and supply, etc. 
• MSP is a kind of insurance that the government provides to farmers in case of a bumper production of a crop and a fall in prices. 
• The government is bound to buy the crop at MSP from farmers if the price of the crop falls critically due to excessive supply. 
• Pricing for sugarcane is governed under Sugarcane (control) order, 1997, and Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) is provided for it. 
• Currently, MSP is provided for 14 Kharif crops, 6 Rabi crops, and 2 other commercial crops while FRP is provided for Sugarcane. 
• Therefore, in total 23 commodities are covered under MSP.

Important Points

• The government announces, Minimum Support Prices (MSP) for agricultural commodities each year in both the Crop seasons after taking into account the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP). 
• CACP recommends MSP for twenty-two (22) crops and Fair & Remunerative Price (FRP) for sugarcane.
• Apart from Sugarcane for which FRP is declared by the Department of Food &Public Distribution, twenty-two crops covered under MSP are Paddy, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Ragi, Arhar, Moong, Urad, Groundnut-in-shell, Soyabean, Sunflower, Sesamum, Nigerseed, Cotton, Wheat, Barley, Gram, Masur (lentil), Rapeseed/Mustardseed, Safflower, Jute and Copra. 

The correct option is 4 i.e. Agriculture.

• Agriculture, Mining, Fishing, Forestry, and Dairy are some examples of the primary sector of the Indian economy. 
• These are called so because it forms the base for all other products.
• Manufacturing, Gas, Electricity, Construction, and Water supply are some secondary sectors
• It contributes around 29.6 % of the Indian GDP.
• Goods transported by trucks or trains, banking, insurance, and finance come under the tertiary sector.

• Yellow Revolution in India is associated with oilseeds.
• It is the sudden increase in edible oil production because of the plantation of hybrid oil seeds such as sesame, mustard, etc.
• The Father of the yellow revolution is Sam Pitroda.

The correct answer is Green Revolution

The concept of Minimum Support Price (MSP) for crops was announced for the first time by the Government of India after the Green Revolution

Important Points

• Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs announces Minimum Support Price.
• MSP is announced on the basis of recommendations given by the Commission on Agricultural Costs and Price (CACP).
• In formulating the recommendations for MSP, CACP considers a number of things like the cost of production, input-output price parity, demand, and supply, etc.
• MSP is a kind of insurance that the government provides to farmers in case of a bumper production of a crop and a fall in prices.
• The government is bound to buy the crop at MSP from farmers if the price of the crop falls critically due to excessive supply.
• Pricing for sugarcane is governed under Sugarcane (control) order, 1997, and Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) is provided for it.
• Currently, MSP is provided for 14 Kharif crops, 6 Rabi crops, and 2 other commercial crops while FRP is provided for Sugarcane.

Additional Information 

• The green revolution is referred to as a period when Indian agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technologies.
• Indian agriculture made a transition from old and manual methods and new, innovative and technological methods.
• It included the use of products like high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers which were either not used or used on a very limited scale.

• The Indian Green Revolution was the brainchild of M.S. Swaminathan. 
• The Indian Green Revolution was a part of the larger and global Green Revolution started by Norman Borlaug.
• Norman Borlaug is called the “Father of Green Revolution”.
• Norman Borlaug has also conferred the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his contribution in saving over 1 billion people worldwide from dying of starvation.
• The revolution led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.

The correct option is 1 i.e., Wheat.

• Pusa Kiran is a variety of wheat.
• Pusa Malvi is also a variety of wheat.
• ICAR( Indian Agricultural Research Institute), New Delhi released this variety of wheat.

Other variety of Wheat:

Other crops variety :

The correct answer is 15.

• 15 agro-climatic zones (ACZ) are characterized by the Planning Commission of India.

Key Points

• An Agro-climatic zone is a land unit in form of major climates that are suitable for a certain range of crops and cultivators. 
• National Agricultural Research Project (NARP) was launched by ICAR for initiating agricultural research in the agro-climatic zones of the country.
  • The purpose was to set up and upgrade a zonal research station in each agro-climatic zone for creating location-specific, need-based research targeted for specific agro-ecological situations.
  • In NARP, the country is divided into 127 agro-climatic zones.
• The agro-climatic zone division helps to achieve optimum utilization in a suitable manner within the framework of resource constraints and potentials of each region.

Additional Information

•  Planning Commission of India:
  • The Planning Commission formulated India's Five-Year Plans.
  • It was formed in March 1950.
  • It was replaced by NITI Aayog in the year 2015.
• NITI Aayog:
  • ​NITI Aayog or National Institution for Transforming India Aayog is the replacement of Planning Commission of India.