Software Testing MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Software Testing - Download Free PDF

The correct option is (4)

Gorilla testing

Concept:-

This kind of software testing methodology places a lot of emphasis on thoroughly evaluating one specific module. By having various testing teams evaluate the same capability, quality assurance teams examine one or a few functionalities fully or exhaustively to discover any deviations.

Key Points

• Gorilla testing is a method of software testing in which a program module is routinely examined to ensure that it is working correctly and is free of flaws.
• A module can be assessed in exactly the same manner 100 times. Gorilla testing is so frequently referred to as "Frustrating Testing."

Additional InformationFuzz testing:- An automated software testing technique called fuzzing introduces erroneous, abnormal, or unexpected inputs into a system in order to detect flaws and vulnerabilities in the software.

Breadth Testing:- It is a test suite that confirms a product's complete functionality but does not thoroughly evaluate all of the features.

Inter-system testing:- Inter-system testing is the process of evaluating the integration points and functionality between various systems that share a common data source.

The correct option is (1)

Only S1 and S2 are False.

Concept:-

A team of highly skilled testers conducts alpha testing at the developer's location for software that is produced as a product to be used by many customers.

Hence the statement S3 is true.

Key Points

• Black-box tests are based on requirements and are superior at determining whether a program fits its standards and detecting omission mistakes. Hence the statement S1 is False.
• White-box tests are based on code and are more effective in detecting crashes, out-of-bounds problems, and files that have not been closed. Hence the statement S2 is False.
• Software testing is the process of comparing a system to the real need to find any mistakes, gaps, or missing requirements.
• White-box testing is a method of examining and verifying the inner workings of a software system, including its code, infrastructure, and connections with other systems.
• Any sort of software test that evaluates an application without knowledge of the internal design, structure, or implementation of the software project is known as black-box testing.

The correct answer is option 2.

Concept:

Option 1: A parallel run involves two different terminals accessing a common database.

False, A parallel database makes use of such systems by allowing several instances to "share" a single physical database. In some cases, a parallel server might provide faster access to a single database by allowing users on several workstations to access it.

Option 2:Alpha testing is the verification process a system goes through for the first time.

True, Alpha testing is the verification process a system goes through for the first time. It is a type of software testing performed to identify bugs before releasing the product to real users or to the public. Alpha Testing is one of the user acceptance tests.

Option 3:Computers are essential for systems Analysis.

False, System analysis is important because the numerous activities involved in doing the analysis give an outlet for finding solutions in the system, not for computers. The overall quality of a system may be readily updated or enhanced through these numerous duties, and the number of mistakes can be minimized as a result.

Option 4: The flow of information in an organization is always vertical.

False, In more established and conventional organizations, much of the communication flows vertically—downward and upward. Information tends to move horizontally and diagonally in informal organizations, such as digital start-ups.

Hence the correct answer is alpha testing is the verification process a system goes through for the first time.

The correct answer is option 1.

Concept:

Control structure testing:

Control structure testing enlarges the coverage area by putting various control structures in the software to the test. The following are the many sorts of testing that are carried out during control structure testing.

Condition Testing:

Condition testing is a test-cased design approach for ensuring that logical condition and decision statements are error-free.

Data Flow Testing or Basic path testing:

The data flow test technique selects a program's test path based on the definitions' locations and employs all of the program's variables.

Loop Testing:

Loop testing is essentially a type of white box testing. It focuses on the correctness of loop construction in particular.

Hence the correct answer is Equivalence analysis.

Additional InformationEquivalence analysis:

 Equivalence tests are a type of hypothesis test that may be used to make statistical conclusions from data.

Answer: Option 3

Concept: 

Debugger:

• A debugger is a computer program used to test and debug target programs.
• The main use of a debugger is to run the target program under controlled conditions that permit the programmer to track its operations in progress and monitor changes in computer resources that may indicate malfunctioning code.
• Typical debugging facilities include the ability to run or halt the target program at specific points, display the contents of memory, CPU registers or storage, and modify memory or register contents in order to enter selected test data that might be a cause of faulty program execution.

Debugging: 

• Debugging is the process of detecting and removing existing and potential errors (also called ‘bugs’) in a software code that can cause it to behave unexpectedly or crash.
• To prevent incorrect operation of a software or system, debugging is used to find and resolve bugs or defects.
• When various subsystems or modules are tightly coupled, debugging becomes harder as any change in one module may cause more bugs to appear in another. 

Debugging involves phases -

1. Identification

2. Defect Analysis

3. Defect Resolution

4. Validation of correctness

Concept:

• Six Sigma is a statistical term used to measure the number of defects that processes create.
• The term implies high-quality performance because a process performing at a Six Sigma level allows only 3.4 defects per one million opportunities.

Different sigma levels of quality would lead to the following number of defects.

1. Three Sigma quality – This level of performance produces a defect-free product 93.32% of the time. 770 applications would be processed incorrectly and would require rework every day.
2. Four Sigma quality – This level of performance yields a defect-free product 99.349% of the time. With four sigma quality, 73 applications would need to be corrected every day.
3. Five Sigma quality – Five Sigma performance produces defect-free products and services 99.977% of the time. Every week the bank would need to correct 13 application errors.
4. Six Sigma quality – Six Sigma performance produces a defect-free product 99.99966% of the time; allowing only 3.4 errors per one million opportunities. 10 applications would need to be corrected during the entire year.

Important Points:

Four sigma and six sigma levels of performance both have an error free rate over 99% of the time. However, the large volume of applications in this example makes all of the difference. With numbers this big, it turned out that the four-sigma process made 18,710 more errors than the six sigma process.

Concept:

Mutlimedia means combination of text, audio, video, graphics, and animation. Mutlimedia project are the multimedia materials which are presented on computer screen.

Explanation:

Phases of a multimedia project are : planning, designing , testing and delivering. 

Some points about multimedia project : 

• Interactive mutlimedia gives the navigational controls to the user. It control what elements are to be delivered.
• It requires creative skills, tools and organization talent to create mutlimedia projects.
• There are two categories in multimedia : linear and non - linear.
• Linear multimedia is without any navigational control example cinema.
• Non - linear provides user interactivity to control progress. Example : computer game.
• Mutlimedia system must be integrated, handled digitally and usually interactive.
• Mutlimedia can be delivered using optical disk, web or distributed network.

NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT (NFR)

It specifies the quality attribute of a software system. They judge the software system based on Responsiveness, Usability, Security, Portability, and other non-functional standards that are critical to the success of the software system

Product requirements

Requirements specify that the delivered product must behave in a particular way, e.g. execution speed, reliability, etc.

Organizational requirements

Requirements which are a consequence of organizational policies and procedures, e.g. process standards used, implementation requirements, etc.

External requirement

Requirements which arise from factors which are external to the system and its development process, e.g. interoperability requirements, a legislative requirement

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• Total number of faults found = 159
• Real faults detected among all detected faults = 159 - 75 = 84
• Since probability distribution is the same, the total number of real  faults is (100/75)*84 = 112
• Undetected real faults = 112- 84 = 28 

Alternate Method

• 75% of defects are observed because of 75 of 100 artificially seeded defects. Given that the total faults detected = 159
• Real faults detected among all detected faults = 159 – 75= 84
• Since probability distribution is the same, the total number of real faults is (100/75)*84 = 112
  Therefore undetected real faults = 112-84 = 28.

Hence the correct answer is 28.

The correct answer is "option 2".

CONCEPT:

Testing is a process of evaluating software in order to identify any errors contrary to actual requirements. 

Testing ensures that the software product is defect-free.

EXPLANATION:

The correct order of testing activities in software testing is:

1. Unit testing: It includes the testing of every single module or component of the software. 

2. Integration testing: It includes the testing of two or more combined modules of the software.

3. Validation testing: It answers the question, "Are we building the right product?". It ensures that client's requirements must be fulfilled by the developed software.

4. System testing: In this testing, the whole system is tested as a single component.

Hence, the correct order of testing is Unit testing, Integration testing, Validation testing & System testing.

Additional Information

Some more types of testing are:

1. Black box testing
2. White box testing
3. Alpha testing
4. Beta testing
5. Stress testing
6. Performance testing
7. Regression testing
8. Smoke testing

Debugger:

• A debugger is a computer program used to test and debug target programs.
• The main use of a debugger is to run the target program under controlled conditions that permit the programmer to track its operations in progress and monitor changes in computer resources that may indicate malfunctioning code.
• Typical debugging facilities include the ability to run or halt the target program at specific points, display the contents of memory, CPU registers or storage, and modify memory or register contents in order to enter selected test data that might be a cause of faulty program execution.

Concept:

Regression Testing

It is defined as a type of software testing to confirm that a recent program or code change has not adversely affected existing features. Regression Testing is nothing but a full or partial selection of already executed test cases which are re-executed to ensure existing functionalities work fine

Smoke Testing 

It is a software testing technique performed post software build to verify that the critical functionalities of software are working fine. It is executed before any detailed functional or regression tests are executed.

Stress testing

It is a software testing activity that determines the robustness of software by testing beyond the limits of normal operation. Stress testing is particularly important for "mission critical" software, but is used for all types of software

Hence Option 4 is correct

Concept:

Code inspection:

It is the most formal type of review, which is a kind of static testing to avoid the defect multiplication at a later stage. The main purpose of code inspection is to find defects and it can also spot any process improvement if any.  It usually involves peer examination of the code and each one has a defined set of roles.

Code walkthrough:

It is a peer review in which a programmer leads the review process and the other team members ask questions and spot possible errors against development standards and other issues. This meeting is usually led by the author of the document under review and attended by other members of the team. Review sessions may be formal or informal.

Explanation:

Option 1 (FALSE)

Reason: Unit testing is not necessary before code inspection.

Option 2 (FALSE)

Reason: Code inspection and code walkthrough are not same as explained.

Option 4 (FALSE)

Reason: Code walkthrough is done by programmer lead members or designer of development team or other interested parties.

Option 3 (TRUE)

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

Black-box testing, also known as behavioural testing, focuses on the software's functional specifications. In other words, black-box testing allows a software developer to create sets of input conditions that completely exercise all of a program's functional requirements. The methods for behavioural testing are as follows.

1. graph-based testing methods
2. equivalence partitioning
3. boundary value analysis
4. comparison testing
5. orthogonal array testing

 ∴ Hence the correct answer is (A), (B) and (C) only.

The correct answer is "option 4".

CONCEPT: 

Testing is a process of evaluating software in order to identify any errors contrary to actual requirements. 

Testing ensures that the software product is defect-free.

EXPLANATION: 

option1: Path testing is used to design the test cases.

option2: Integration testing includes the testing of two or more combined modules of the software.

option3: Unit testing includes the testing of every single module or component of the software.

option4: Regression testing is used to test modified parts of code & parts affected by the code to ensure that software doesn't have any defect after modifications.

Hence, Regression Testing ensures that the software product runs correctly after the changes during maintenance.

The correct answer is "option 4".

CONCEPT: 

An agile philosophy of software engineering stresses four key issues that are:

1. The importance of self-organizing teams that have control over the work they perform.
2. Communication and collaboration among team members, practitioners, and their customers.
3. A recognition that change represents an opportunity.
4. An emphasis on rapid delivery of software that satisfies the customer.

​​Hence, having a separate testing phase after a build phase is not a key issue in agile methodology.

In Software engineering, release testing takes place after acceptance testing,

Important Points

Release testing

It is the process of testing a particular release of a system that is intended for use outside of the development team. The primary goal of the release testing process is to convince the customer of the system that it is good enough for use. Release testing, therefore, has to show that the system delivers its specified functionality, performance, and dependability and that it does not fail during normal use. Release testing is usually a black-box testing process where tests are only derived from the system specification.

Acceptance testing 

It is a test conducted to determine if the requirements of a specification or contract are met. It may involve chemical tests, physical tests, or performance tests.

• Ad-hoc testing is a method of software testing without any planning and documentation. The tests are conducted informally and randomly without any formal expected results. This method is normally used during Acceptance Testing.
• Internal Acceptance Testing (Also known as Alpha Testing) is performed by members of the organization that developed the software but who are not directly involved in the project.
• External Acceptance Testing is performed by people who are not employees of the organization that developed the software. User Acceptance Testing (Also known as Beta Testing) is performed by the end-users of the software.
• Grey box testing is an acceptance testing that contains software debugging, within which there is only a little knowledge about the internal details of a program. It is a device, or a system or a program that gives only a partial understanding of the tester.

Data

code testes in unit testing = t =90% = 0.9

probability of success = p = 0.9

Calculation

Reliability ≤  t × p = 0.9 ×0.9 = 0.81

Threfere, the reliability of the module is at most 0.81

Condition coverage test:

Each one of the Boolean expression with values TRUE and FALSE. For this, tester should know the code. Hence it is White box testing.

Equivalence class partitioning:

It divides the input test data into each partition at least once of equivalent data from which test cases can be derived. Only input values are needed, not the code. Hence it is black-box testing.

Volume testing:

Check system performance with increasing volumes of data in the database.

Beta Testing:

It is a kind of system testing done at the customer site to validate the usability, functionality.

The correct option is (4)

Gorilla testing

Concept:-

This kind of software testing methodology places a lot of emphasis on thoroughly evaluating one specific module. By having various testing teams evaluate the same capability, quality assurance teams examine one or a few functionalities fully or exhaustively to discover any deviations.

Key Points

• Gorilla testing is a method of software testing in which a program module is routinely examined to ensure that it is working correctly and is free of flaws.
• A module can be assessed in exactly the same manner 100 times. Gorilla testing is so frequently referred to as "Frustrating Testing."

Additional InformationFuzz testing:- An automated software testing technique called fuzzing introduces erroneous, abnormal, or unexpected inputs into a system in order to detect flaws and vulnerabilities in the software.

Breadth Testing:- It is a test suite that confirms a product's complete functionality but does not thoroughly evaluate all of the features.

Inter-system testing:- Inter-system testing is the process of evaluating the integration points and functionality between various systems that share a common data source.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

Hence the correct answer is T2, T4, T5, T6.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

S1: Black-box tests are based on specifications; better at telling whether the program meets specification, better at finding errors of omission. 

Hence the statement I is False.

S2: White-box tests are based on code; better for finding crashes, out-of-bounds errors, file not closed errors.

Hence the statement II is False.

S3: Alpha testing is conducted at the developer’s site by a team of highly skilled testers for software that is developed as a product to be used by many customers.

Hence the statement III is True.
Therefore the correct answer is Only S1 and S2 are FALSE.

The correct answer is option 1

Concept:

Acceptance Testing:

• Acceptance Testing is comes after system testing or also called last phase testing in software engineering.
• This testing method makes sure that a product fulfills the business requirements and it is ready to deliver or not.
• In other words, as the name suggests Acceptance Testing whether a system satisfies the acceptance criteria or not and enables the users, customers, or other authorized entities to determine whether to accept the system or not.
• Acceptance testing is two types

1)User acceptance testing (UAT)

2)Business acceptance testing (BAT)

Alpha Testing and Beta Testing are types of user acceptance testing.

Additional Information

Unit Testing:

unit testing is the first phase of software testing where individual units or components are tested.

Integration Testing:

Integration Testing is the second phase of software testing where individual units or components are tested combinedly as a group.

System Testing:

After all the units are components are integrated and tested that system testing is taken up. System tests are designed to validate a fully developed system to assure that meets all requirements.